Category Archives: Hiking

Vulnerable Households Project

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Madagascar has an exponentially increasing population. Currently the number of people virtually doubles every 10 years. This population explosion has put immense pressure on society and environment. Estimates place the amount of land cleared in Madagascar as high as 90% but this figure is likely to be exaggerated. Little ‘intact’ forest remains and the amount of agricultural land available (especially productive virgin land) for further utilization is fast diminishing. New sustainable agriculture techniques are required to assure the people of Madagascar will be able to feed themselves into the future.

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Vulnerable people in rural Madagascar are the most marginalised and impoverished and often do not have access to land, especially not their own. The land is usually unproductive and fallow. Soils require intensive ameliorative actions to restore nutrients and organic material in the soil profile leading to increased agricultural productivity. A grant from the Innocent Foundation has enabled vulnerable households to secure agricultural land and Ny Tanintsika Field Agents are teaching them sustainable agricultural techniques.

Ny Tanintsika beneficiaries mostly borrow land from family, neighbours or acquaintances. Continued access to land is insecure. Beneficiaries run the risk of other people claiming ownership of land and crops produced. As such, Ny Tanintsika is attempting to secure formal land tenure for these households, though it is proving a complex and arduous process. 

Most vulnerable households and people we have been fortunate to meet are very proud of their achievements. Having been given an opportunity to develop new skills and participate in the agroforestry and alternative livelihoods projects they are eager to demonstrate their success. It has been inspiring to meet with these people that have made so much from this limited opportunity. 

 

Andasibe and Mantadia National Park

We visited Andasibe to meet with a local community organization called Mitsinjo and to visit Ambatovy, a nickel and cobalt mine site on the outskirts of the national park.  Andasibe village is a quaint Malagasy town, dissected by a river and descended upon by thousands of tourists throughout the year wanting to catch a glimpse of the Indri Indri.  The Indri Indri is the largest of the lemurs and a spectacular sight to see. The Indri’s home is the Andasibe-Mantadia National Park which is located roughly 3-4 hours drive east from Tana on RN2.

It is possible to catch a taxi brousse directly to Andasibe from Tana.  These are however limited and very expensive.  The cheaper option is to take the taxi brousse to Moramanga (7 000Ar, about $3) and then catch a connecting local taxi brousse for the remaining 45km to Andasibe. This was the most squished we have ever been in a taxi-brousse, they really squeezed us in. Anneka had marary kibo (an upset stomach) and we were very glad when the van finally took off and dropped us at our hotel – Marie Guesthouse, within an hour. As Anni wasn’t feeling too well, we took it easy for the rest of the afternoon.

The next morning we walked to Mitsinjo, the local community organisation, which is less than 2km from Marie Guesthouse. Remember to come back soon to read our post on Mitsinjo!

We also visited Ambatovy nickel and cobalt mine. Representatives from Ambatovy visited Alex’s old work, Alcoa in Western Australia about 4 years ago, to learn best practice for forest rehabilitation. Because of this, we were invited to visit Ambatovy’s operations and to see their rehabilitation. They have not done much reforestation yet, but from what we could ascertain they were doing a pretty good job. The company genuinely seemed committed to restoring the forest after mining activities.

Andasibe-Mantadia National Park is famous for the Indri Indri but also contains many other species of lemurs and is well renowned for its orchids and reptiles. We visited Mitsinjo Reserve and Mantadia national park while in Andasibe. When trekking through Mantadia your guide will take you through some breathtaking primary forest with large trees that have been saved from logging. Some 14 species of lemur live in and around Mantadia however you must work hard for the rewards.  Our guide spent over 4 hours tracking several families of the black and white ruffed lemurs.  They tempted us with their glorious calls all morning but managed to avoid us for most of the day.

We headed back for lunch and heard their calls again over a ridge. The guide asked if we still wanted to try and catch up with them.  We looked up the steep, densely vegetated hillside and replied ‘yeka’ – and we were off again.  Finally we made it to the top of the ridge but still couldn’t see the group of lemurs we had heard.  The guide spotted them after a while and we spent the next half hour observing these spectacular creatures.  We headed off and finished the day with lunch at a pleasantly cool waterfall.

We stayed at Marie Guesthouse which was quite cheap – 25 000 Ar. You can hear the Indri’s wail early in the morning – which can be considered a treat or a curse depending on how lightly you sleep! The rooms were fairly basic, but comfortable enough. The restaurant was good and we really enjoyed learning Malagasy with the waitstaff who were very friendly. It was good that the taxi-brousse drops you right in front of the hotel. The location was good, there is another hotel directly across the road, Feony Ala which also had good food. Mitsinjo was only 20min walk away.

If you only have limited time in Andasibe we would recommend to visit the Mitsinjo Reserve to view the Indri Indri and learn the basics about forest restoration. If you wish to see another national park then Andasibe would be our choice.  Although we did not visit this park, the other option, Mantadia is much more expensive due to car and guide hire and requires hard work to see wildlife that remains mostly hidden in the primary forest.

We spent four days in Andasibe, and would recommend spending at least 3 days there as there is much to see.

Allee des Baobabs and Morondava

We stayed in Morondava for one night before heading to Tsingy and for four nights after returning (we could have stayed longer, it is a very relaxing place). On our way back from Tsingy and Kirindy, it is very common for your 4×4 driver/tour to take you to Allee des Baobabs (baobab alley) to see the sunset before returning to Morondava (baobab alley is less than one hour’s drive from Morondava). The baobabs are over 800 years old and incredibly beautiful and striking though it is terribly sad to see that most of the other trees in the region have been razed to the ground, which makes these huge trees even more ominous and looming. Sadly, the area is not a national park, and the trees are threatened by further deforestation, effluent from encroaching rice paddies and sugar cane plantations, and fires. Despite its popularity as a tourist destination, the area has no visitor center or gate fees, and local residents receive little income from tourism. There are many enormous baobabs in the region including a sacred tree where people pray. If you have a driver, ask him to take you to some of the other baobabs in the region, some are intertwining, which looks quite romantic! *Traveller alert* – this is probably one of the most visited tourist attractions in Madagascar, so if you are expecting the alley to yourself at sunset, think again. Take plenty of patience with you and try to arrive early if you want to take a photo without tourists ruining it!

Morondava is a very pleasant seaside town on the west coast of Madagascar. It has a laidback feel to it (apart from the main street on market day, which is quite thriving). There is a strip of hotels/restaurants lining the beach and mangroves on the other side of the road catering to a range of budgets. The seafood is superb. Especially now having visited a few coastal areas in Madagascar, we really were spoiled with the quality and variety of seafood in Morondava. The beach is pretty good (and clean). You can take a pirogue trip down the river. Morondava is a great base from which you head to Baobab Alley, Tsingy or south to Belo sur Mer. We stayed four nights and would have liked to stay longer. At first we stayed at Trecicogne as it was listed as the ‘top pick’ on Lonely Planet. But we left after two nights as they kept turning the water off. We understand that water is short, but we drew the line at not being able to wash our hands after going to the toilet! We sort of splashed out on our last two nights at the Baobab Hotel – 80,000 Ar per night about $35AUD. http://www.baobabcafe-hotel.net/baobabcafe-circuit-hotel-en.html This hotel was really nice, and bonus had a pool! We also splashed out on a huge crayfish for 35,000Ar, $15. It was to die for! We recommend eating at Bougainvilliers (try the stuffed crab) and Stadium Hotel on the main street (7000Ar for two huge langostines). Needless to say, we were a bit sad to leave Morondava, especially knowing we had two days of taxi-brousses ahead of us…

Kirindy Private Forest Reserve

Kirindy Reserve is a privately managed forest in one of Madagascar’s most threatened ecosystems: its dry deciduous forests. There are many animals with 31 different mammals with 8 species of lemur and it is the best place to see the elusive fossa. There are also 50 different species of reptiles. We highly recommend a visit to Kirindy. If you don’t have time to drive out to Tsingy, a good alternative would be to drive from Morondava to Kirindy, stay one night, do a night walk that evening and a morning walk the next day. After that drive back to Morondava stopping off at the Alle des Baobabs for an amazing sunset. Many tourists visit the Baobabs but if you squint you may just be able to pretend all the other ‘Vazah’ are not there.

We really enjoyed our night walk in Kirindy, we saw several nocturnal lemurs and reptiles. The morning walk was also good, where we saw many diurnal lemurs. We saw a few fossa as well as they come into camp for a drink as water is very scarce in this forest. The forest is certainly dry, don’t expect any lush green rainforests here.

Our only ‘gripe’ about Kirindy was that were were practically forced to stay at the Reserve in a room for 120 000 Ar per night, which was high compared to other accommodation we were staying at in the region. We had wanted to camp, but were told that the fossa will eat our tent…hmmm. We felt like the staff took advantage of the tourists and were ripping us off a bit. No cheap accommodation was available, we had to eat at their restaurant and they would add on small prices for many things. Perhaps you could try camp Amoureux instead only a few kilometres away, which is camping, but may be better value. All in all, it was well worth it as Kirindy is an excellent forest teeming with wildlife.

Tsingy de Bemaraha Nature Reserve

We had heard a lot about the otherworldly jagged pinnacles of Tsingy de Bemaraha. Tsingy is a nature reserve on the west coast of Mada, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. We heard that the park is closed in the rainy season (Dec – March), so if we wanted to see it, we had to go in November. We emailed and asked around a few tour operators, but decided to go on our own. Most nature parks must be visited with a guide, but that doesn’t mean a complete package tour is necessary. It is much cheaper (if you have the time) to turn up yourself and organise a guide on the spot. Most tours were going from Antsirabe, and we figured there was no need to pay for two-four days of a tour that was just transport. From Ambositra, we caught a 7am taxi-brousse to Antsirabe. We then had to wait for 2-3 hours for the next taxi-brousse to take us to Miandrivazo. We had contemplated going all the way from Antsirabe to Morondava, but that taxi-brousse wasn’t leaving until 5pm and we didn’t want to wait that long. Miandrivazo was a good stop over to break up the trip. It took from 1pm-7pm. A tout/guide came up to us in the taxi-brousse while we were waiting in Anstirabe and offered us a tour. We didn’t really want to spend 2.5 days in an unsheltered pirogue down the Tsiribihina river, so we asked if he would hire a 4WD in Morondava to take us to Tsingy and Kirindy. He offered 75Euro a day (for four days) including petrol.  So this was our itinerary:

  1. Day one: Drive Morondava to Bekopaka, camp the night
  2. Day 2: Hike Grand and Small Tsingy, camp Bekopaka
  3. Day 3: Drive to Kirindy, night walk, had to stay in bungalow as ‘apparently’ fossa eats your tent
  4. Day 4: Morning walk Kirindy, sunset at Baobabs, drive back to Morondava

He said if we found another 1-2 people, we could share the costs. It sounded like a good deal, and much better than anything we had been offered so far, so we agreed. He recommended a hotel in Miandrivazo and the next morning was waiting for us with a contract to sign. This was our first mistake, signing the contract and paying more than half up-front. Don’t get me wrong, we had an awesome trip and it was still a pretty good price. But it was a lesson not to pay up front if possible, even a deposit. In hindsight, we probably should have not committed and seen if we could get a better deal in Morondava. It was low season, and as two people we were in a good place to negotiate. We took a taxi-brousse from Miandrivazo to Morondava at 8am and arrived about 3pm. We had planned on seeing if we could find any other tourists to share the car. We made cursory efforts, but didn’t find anyone. The next morning we were picked up by our driver and were taken to another hotel. That was where another vazaha (foreigner) was waiting. He asked if we knew that he was coming. We didn’t. We were happy to have another person join us if we could share the costs, but when we got in the car, the driver told us his boss said we weren’t going anywhere until we all paid the full amount, so much for sharing the costs! We were all pretty angry, but he had us, we had each already paid a hefty deposit, so could hardly walk away. Needless to say, it was a bit of a sour start to the trip.

However, the French tourist who joined us was a really interesting, cool guy, so we were happy to share with him. We weren’t too impressed though when a wheel bearing broke and we got stranded in the heat. Luckily another car stopped to help us and we all squeezed into their car. We were a bit anxious that evening because we really didn’t trust that if the driver couldn’t fix the car, that our ‘guide’ would help us, particularly if he knew we had another car to go in. Fortunately, our driver fixed the car and met us later the next day.

But…back to the Tsingy. Despite all the setbacks, we had an awesome trip. During the journey to Tsingy, we had a few river crossings where the car is put on a raft and motored along the river, passing laughing children bathing in the water. The sharp limestone formations were other-worldly and really fun and challenging to climb. The view was really spectacular. We had to wear rockclimbing harnesses which we attached to metal rope. We went through narrow caves and crossed some hairy drawbridges, it felt like we were Indiana Jones! We saw sifakas and brown lemurs up close too. This was the complete Malagasy experience, definitely worth the long journey. Next stop…Kirindy…

Ambositra, Madagascar

We were very fortunate to have the National Director of Ny Tanintsika and one of her brightest staff show us around their project sites in Ambositra.  The town is approximately four hours’ drive south of the capital city, Antananarivo. We visited local plant nurseries and the endemic, threatened Tapia woodland, home of the silk worm. Ny Tanintsika has developed small scale agroforestry plots within these communities– with cash crops such as sweet potato, tomatoes and citrus trees.

We also visited a womens’ silk weaving cooperative, which was created by Ny Tanintsika. This project supports women’s groups and households to protect the endemic tapia woodland – the last remnants of highland primary forest – through the revitalisation of the silk industry in Madagascar.

The Tapia woodland is only found in the central highlands of Madagascar. The dominant tree Uapaca bojeri is endemic to Madagascar.  Tapia woodlands are adapted and resilient to the regions natural fire regime however frequent intense fires and land clearing has resulted in habitat degradation and fragmentation.  The Tapia woodlands have now been restricted to fragmented stands that total less than 130 000ha. Most of these isolated stands have lost their species diversity and are no longer intact representatives of the former Tapia woodlands prior to high levels of disturbance.

The woodland we visited in the Faliarivo community is one of the last vestiges of intact Tapia woodland within the region. During our visit it was clear that almost no seedlings were present of the dominant native trees and the process of self-regeneration had stopped. The woodland has become infested with pines and this threatens the long-term biodiversity value of this woodland. If the pines are not eradicated the health of the Tapia woodland will only further decline.

Ny Tanintsika wishes to engage the local community to eradicate the pine from the Faliarivo Tapia woodland. Monetary compensation will be provided to locals for harvesting all of the pine within the woodland. Local nurseries have already been established for Tapia woodland restoration and will provide seedlings for infill planting once the pines have been eradicated. The timber harvested represents a commercial gain and profits will be re-invested into developing alternative income schemes for the local community.

This is one of the projects that Anni and I will focus on while we are here in Madagascar.